history of the @ modifier orphaned son of Imam Hambal

HISTORY OF ORPHANS modifier (Al IMAM AHMAD BIN Hambal - 164-241)

"Stalk-stalk filled with tawadhu ducked 'are the people who empty their heads up proud."

JOURNEY OF LIFE:

Al-Imam Ahmad bin Hambal was born in the month of Rabiul beginning, the year 164 H in Baghdad. Nasab he is an Arab, so he is a Syaibani in nasab him to his father and mother. From his father, he inherited a strong determination, self-respect, patience, and ability to bear bernagai difficulties. He is a sturdy priest again strong.

His father died when he was a kid, so his mother is caring and mengharahkan him to study religious sciences. He had memorized the Qur'an and learn Arabic. At age fifteen, he started studying hadith and memorize it, and at the age of twenty years, belaiu began a journey to seek knowledge. Belliau go to the city of Kufa, Mecca, Medina, Sham, and Yemen, and then returned to Baghdad.

On the way to Baghdad over a span of 195 years until 197 AH, he teaches is based on the Shafi'i madhhab. His pupils included the most senior Imam Shafi'i in Baghdad. Ahmad also learning from many clerics in Iraq, among them Ibrahim bin Sa'id, Sufyan ibn Uyainah, Yahya ibn Sa'id, Yazid ibn Harun, Abu Dawud ath-Thayalisi, Waki ibn al-Jarrah, and Abdur-Rahman ibn Mahdi. After that, he became a mujtahid who have their own schools and mengugguli seangkatnya friends in memorizing the As-Sunnah and collect the parts of its parts are separate, so that he became a priest of the muhaddits of its time.

Kitapnya, Al-Mushad, which contains more than 40,000 hadith, bears witness to this. God, also has contributed to sap the strength Ahmad amazing. Ash-Shafi'i said, "I came out of Baghdad and not leave someone there who is more faqih, more colors', more ascetic, more pious, and more than ibn Hambal occasion." He also has a strong determination, very patient , resolute, strong berhujjah, dared to speak in front of the caliphs, which led to him getting a very well-known exam.

Trials were experienced during the caliphate of al-Ma'mun al-Abbasi. In the year 212 H, the argument which says that the Qur'an is a creature. This was disclosed by the group and make it Mu'tazila as their creed. Until it is said that scholars and jurists who do not admit any of this, it is prohibited from state duties, and punished with flogging and imprisonment.

Ibn Hambal disagree with them and do not agree with their opinion. In this issue, he behaved like a solid mountain again honestly; not in the least inclined to the opinion pronounced by al-Ma'mun. consequently, it diberlakuhkan punishment upon him, he was forbidden to teach, and tortured in prison in the year 218 H by Ishaq al-Khuza'I baiIbrohim, successor al-Ma'mun. Then he was led in a state with iron chains to the place of al-Ma'mun lives, outside of Baghdad.

But al-Ma'mun had died before Ahmad ibn Hambal to the usual place. Sepeninggalan al-Ma'mun, who served the caliphate was his brother, al-Mu'tashim. He also followed the creed of al-Ma'mun in this issue. With a will of al-Ma'mun, Ahmad was jailed and ordered to be beaten with a whip several times. Every time he whipped unconscious, because it's so hard hit.

Al-Mu'taslim continuing hostage and torture against Ahmad for approximately 28 months. One worker commented after he repented his whip, "I have been hit 80 times as much as Imam Ahmad flagellation. Seandainnya I beat him to an elephant, the elephant will surely fall. "

In order to explain how great patience and strength of Imam Ahmad in defending the truth, we mention this story:

Al-Mu'tashim bring together jurists and judges to fight Imam Ahmad. They argue in front of al-Ma'mun young for three days. He was argumentative and show them certain propositions, saying,''I was a man who knows a science and I do not understand the case as you. Give a proposition derived from the Qur'aan and the Sunnah of His Messenger SAW until I could say the same.''

Every time they argue with him and forced him to declare that the Qur'an is a creature, he said to them,''How am I going to say something I've never spoken?''The al-Mu'tashim said,''we are forced Ahmad.''

Among the people who are fanatical to the opinion of Muhammad ibn Abd al-Malik az-Zayyat, al-Mu'tashim minister, Ahmad ibn al-Qadi Du'ad, and Bishr al-Marisi. They all are those who argue that Mu'tazilite the Qur'an is a living thing. Du'ad and Ibn Bishr said to the caliph,''Kill him so that we can feel calm him. This guy is misguided infidels again.''

Al-Mu'tashim replied,''I've promised God would not kill him with the sword and will not be ordering his murder with the sword.''Both of them and said to al-Mu'tashim,''Hit him with the whip.''

So al-Mu'tashim said to Ahmad,''for the sake of relations with the Prophet Muhammad really kekerabatanku I'll beat you with whips, or you agree with me.''But this threat does not make him afraid, so that al-Mu'tashim said, ' 'call the handyman whip!''after they were called, al-Mu'tashim asked one of them,''How many lashes you can kill him?''

Handyman whip replied,''ten times.''Al-Mu'tashim said,''I give him to you.''Then the whole outfit off of Imam Ahmad in his hands tied with chains of iron. When the whip was brought in, al-Mu'tashim attention to the whip and said,''Bring the other whip!''Whips and even then replaced in accordance with the request of al-Mu'tashim.

Then he said to the builders whip,''Go ahead you guys.''After the whip once, Imam Ahmad say,''Bismillah.''After the second whip, Ahmad say,''La haula wa la illa quwwata billahi. ''After the whip for the third time, he say,''Al-Quran is kalamullah, not a creature.

When in at the keempata time, he said,''say: By no means will befall us but what has been set by God for us ...''(At-Tawbah: 51)

The man handyman whip it forward to the presence of al-Imam Ahmad, then hit him twice. While al-Mus'tashim advised him to hit him very hard. Then whip the worker away. Any other handyman whip forward and hit him twice.

When he was in at Nineteen times, al-Mu'tashim stood before him and said,''Hi Ahmad, why are you killing yourself? DemiAllah, verily I am very sorry for you.''

Ahmad told me,''All of a sudden an emaciated menodongku with a straight sword, saying,''You want to beat them all?''Some of them said,''Woe to you. The caliph stand on your head. ''Some were saying,''O Amirun Faithful, his blood is tanggunganku. I have killed him.''

They said,''O Amirun the Faithful, in fact he was fasting, are you standing in the sun''. Al-Mu'tashim says,''Woe to you, O Ahmad. What would you say?''So I said,''Give me a proposition from the Qur'aan and the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad, so I could argue the same as you.''

The caliph then went back and sat down, then said to a handyman whip,''Come!''And then she told him to hurt him with a whip strokes.

Iam told Al-Ahmad, "Suddenly my consciousness was lost and regained consciousness after itu.Ternyata, bondage-belengguitu been removed from me.

Then they gave me sawuq, then said,''Eat and muntahkanlah. "Menjawap me," I will not break. "Then I was taken home Ishq ibn Ibrahim. There I joined the pilgrims praying that Ibn Sama'ah Zuhur.saat forward to doing sholat.Selesai of prayer, he said to me, "when ye pray mekakukan blood flowing in your clothes. 'I replied,' Umar has been doing the prayer while his wound blood flow. "

Tatkal Ahmad establishment can not change and he did not want to abandon belief and opinion, then he was acquitted absolutely, and then he went back to teaching. In the year 228H, al-Mutashim died and al-watsiqBillah world that torture is to repeat mengantikannya.Dia Ahmat and forbade him to associate dean for community and forbade him to teach for more than five years; to al-watsiw world died in the year 232H.

After the death of al-watsiq, kekholifahan in shake by al-Mutawakkil, who menyelisihi yangdi beliefs held by al-Ma'mun, al-mu'tashim, and al-watsiq.Dia reproached them for their opinions hold that the Qur'an is a creature ; and it happened in the year-Mutawakkil 232H.Al also prohibits discussion that leads to bependapat, giving punishment to the person who did it, and caused that memelihatnya clear transmission of the hadith on which to base his thinking.

With intermediate Al-Mutawakkil, God won the Sunnah, it's overcast menyelapkan deadly heresy of all creatures, meneranga darkness, and freeing those who were arrested for refusing the opinion that the Qur'an is a creature, remove from the human disaster, glorify Imam Ahmad and spread his hands to his aid, and finally Ahmad remain above manhajnya,

True to the pendirianya, until his death in Baghdad.

After the death of Ahmad, the muritnya collect a lot of themes and issues in jurisprudence fatwa.mereka membukukannya and narrated in a large collection, as practiced by Ibn Qudama in two his book, namely al-Mughni and ash-Syarhul-kabir.

Imam Ahmad did not take notes and record their opinions in matters of fiqh, also does not dictate to anyone muritnya delivered, because he did not like it will occupy bbila man from hadis.metode discuss teaching methods, he is not in line with the Abu Halifah-muritnya always recorded and noted his words every time he comes, also not in line with Imam Malik, who recorded his own opinion, as well as Imam Shafi'i.

All the priest has left the issue of fiqh with the record in the book, in contrast to Imam Ahmad, who do not inherit the problem is recorded in books of fiqh. After the death of Imam Ahmad, the muritnya recorded all of the issues of fiqh that they had heard from him. Among the murit are: Muhammad ibn Isma'il al-Bukhari-constituent kitabSahih, Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj-an-Naisaburi drafters also Sahih, and Abu Dawud, Sunan compilers of the book.

Among his devoted murit, which recorded the various fatwas and fiqh opinions of him, was the second son of his own, Salih (d. 226H). And Abdullah (d. 290H). [i] other than that, among murit-murit him against Abu Bakr Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Hani al-Baghdadi is known by the name of al-Atsram (d. 273 H). He was one of the most famous problems of jurisprudence recorded according to Imam Ahmad, in KITAP Sunnah fi al-fiqh 'alaMadzhabi Ahmad wa Syawahiduhu min al-Hadith.

Among his pupils there are also famous Abu Bakr Ahmad ibn al-khallal (d. 311 AH), who compiled the book of al-jami in twenty buku.Semua recorded by daaalam KITAP Bakr is considered as a transmission of the disciples Ahmad.Adapun in the field of Hadith, KITAP Musnad Ahmad has a famous and popular.

Al-Imam Ahmad had established madzabnya on some foundation, that is the first book of Allah; and Sunnah as the second; and then death of the friend who died in disaccord know nothing; next is Qiyas, which is the last level according to him.

Ahmad acknowledged the existence of consensus when it really can dipraktikkan.Tetapi he often consider ijma are very difficult to materialize at the level praktis.Di addition, Ahmad always be friendly and welcoming, perform a variety of benefit with sincerity, and close all celsh that could trigger a libel , as adopted by the predecessors of this Ummah.

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